Rights of Conquest, Discovery and Occupation, and the Freedom of the Seas
a Genealogy of Natural Resource Injustice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5347/isonomia.v0i54.417Parole chiave:
conquista, colonizzazione, mare libero, risorse naturali, ingiustiziaAbstract
I diritti di conquista, scoperta e occupazione, e la libertà dei mari: una genealogia dell'ingiustizia sulle risorse naturali
Questo articolo analizza le origini coloniali di tre principi del diritto internazionale: il diritto di conquista, il diritto di scoperta e di occupazione e la libertà dei mari. Sostiene che ognuno di questi diritti è stato stabilito come principio giuridico internazionale per facilitare la colonizzazione di popoli lontani, dei loro territori e delle loro terre, e per accumulare le loro risorse naturali. L'articolo discute come questi diritti sono stati giustificati, quale serie di poteri esclusivi e immunità hanno conferito, e come sono collegati a tre distinti regimi giuridici moderni di diritti sullo spazio naturale e le sue risorse: la sovranità territoriale, i diritti di proprietà privata su terre straniere, e i beni comuni marittimi globali. Mentre espongo le origini moralmente arbitrarie di ciascuno di questi principi di diritto internazionale, che riflettono le condizioni e gli obiettivi specifici di particolari progetti coloniali, sostengo anche che i regimi dei diritti delle risorse naturali che essi hanno istituzionalizzato sono convergenti nel senso che hanno permesso un'appropriazione e uno sfruttamento delle risorse naturali straordinariamente ingiusti. L'articolo sottolinea anche i modi in cui la logica e il funzionamento di questi regimi continuano a modellare l'uso ingiusto delle risorse naturali fino ad oggi."
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