Rights of Conquest, Discovery and Occupation, and the Freedom of the Seas

a Genealogy of Natural Resource Injustice

Autores

  • Petra Gümplova University of Erfurt

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5347/isonomia.v0i54.417

Palavras-chave:

conquista, povoamento, mar livre, recursos naturais, injustiça

Resumo

Os direitos de conquista, descoberta e ocupação, e a liberdade dos mares: uma genealogia da injustiça sobre os recursos naturais

Este artigo analisa as origens coloniais de três princípios do direito internacional: o direito de conquista, o direito de descoberta e ocupação, e a liberdade dos mares. Defendo que cada um desses direitos foi estabelecido como um princípio jurídico internacional para facilitar a colonização de povos distantes, seus territórios e terras, e para acumular os seus recursos naturais. O artigo analisa como esses direitos foram justificados, o conjunto de poderes exclusivos e imunidades que eles conferiram e como estes estão ligados a três regimes jurídicos modernos diferentes de direitos sobre o espaço natural e os seus recursos: soberania territorial, direitos de propriedade privada sobre terras estrangeiras e os bens comuns marítimos globais. Embora eu exponha as origens moralmente arbitrárias de cada um destes princípios do direito internacional, que refletem as condições e objetivos específicos de certos projetos coloniais, também argumento que os regimes de direitos dos recursos naturais assim institucionalizados são convergentes no sentido de que permitiram um apropriação e exploração nitidamente injusta dos recursos naturais. O artigo aponta ainda as formas pelas quais a lógica e o funcionamento desses regimes continuam a moldar o uso injusto dos recursos naturais até aos dias de hoje.

 

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Publicado

2021-04-30

Como Citar

Gümplova, P. (2021). Rights of Conquest, Discovery and Occupation, and the Freedom of the Seas: a Genealogy of Natural Resource Injustice. Isonomía - Revista De teoría Y filosofía Del Drecho, (54). https://doi.org/10.5347/isonomia.v0i54.417

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