Rethinking Responsibility in a Planetary Age; or, Facing the Anthropocene with Hans Jonas and Bruno Latour
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5347/isonomia.59/2023.656Parole chiave:
Hans Jonas, Bruno Latour, responsabilità, giustizia, cambiamento climatico, AntropoceneAbstract
Ripensare la responsabilità in un'era planetaria; ovvero, affrontare l'Antropocene con Hans Jonas e Bruno Latour
Questo articolo sostiene che l'arrivo dell'Antropocene richiede un cambiamento nel significato e nella portata della responsabilità. Prendendo spunto da Hans Jonas e Bruno Latour, sostengo che la responsabilità è una caratteristica distintiva dell'umanità che tuttavia è perseguitata dal suo contrario. Se essere responsabili significa innanzitutto rispondere all'altro, allora la cultura della "responsabilità personale" che prevale oggi è un tradimento sia dell'umanità sia della Terra. Quando Jonas formulò queste idee nel 1979, il "sistema Terra" non era né un campo di studio scientifico né una questione di preoccupazione esistenziale. Pochi studiosi lo prendevano sul serio. Tuttavia, i recenti sviluppi del pensiero scientifico, giuridico e ambientale hanno convalidato la sua visione. Per verificare questa ipotesi, torno a Latour, che era un attento lettore e critico di Jonas. Entrambi i pensatori ritengono che la convinzione modernista che solo gli esseri umani siano fonte di valide rivendicazioni morali sia un errore che deve essere corretto. Poiché oggi la Terra "reagisce" ai nostri interventi con eventi meteorologici estremi e malattie zoonotiche, il loro messaggio risuona in ambienti sempre più ampi. L'Antropocene rovescia un'epoca in cui solo pochi esseri umani erano autorizzati a parlare. Ora dobbiamo insegnare a noi stessi ad ascoltare e rispondere agli altri esseri viventi e alle generazioni future. Sostengo che questa capacità sia al centro dei regimi emergenti di responsabilità planetaria.
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